ENH: Python 3.13 support

[lithomas1]

Python 3.13b1 is out, which means its time to start looking into Python 3.13 support!

Steps

• Verify support in dependencies (numpy/Cython)
• Python Dev CI testing (potentially with nogil, JIT?)
• Wheels
• Release and whatsnew
• Regular CI testing

[jwd83]

HI, just curious if there has been any progress getting pandas running on 3.13. I built the JIT enabled version of python 3.13 on windows and went to try it with a number of internal tools but ran into build problems trying to get pandas package installed on 3.13. It seems to fail during the numpy portion of the build. Here is the console output from pip. Apologies if this does not belong here or I have made some other major oversight.

Collecting pandas
  Using cached pandas-2.2.2.tar.gz (4.4 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [123 lines of output]
      Collecting meson-python==0.13.1
        Using cached meson_python-0.13.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.1 kB)
      Collecting meson==1.2.1
        Using cached meson-1.2.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.7 kB)
      Collecting wheel
        Using cached wheel-0.43.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.2 kB)
      Collecting Cython==3.0.5
        Using cached Cython-3.0.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.2 kB)
      Collecting numpy>=2.0.0rc1
        Using cached numpy-2.0.0rc2.tar.gz (18.3 MB)
        Installing build dependencies: started
        Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Getting requirements to build wheel: started
        Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
        Installing backend dependencies: started
        Installing backend dependencies: finished with status 'done'
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'error'
        error: subprocess-exited-with-error

        Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
        exit code: 1

        [88 lines of output]
        + C:\Users\jared\OneDrive\Ayrscott\Projects\cpython\PCbuild\amd64\python.exe C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\vendored-meson\meson\meson.py setup C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12 C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\.mesonpy-y97ho32v -Dbuildtype=release -Db_ndebug=if-release -Db_vscrt=md --native-file=C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\.mesonpy-y97ho32v\meson-python-native-file.ini
        The Meson build system
        Version: 1.2.99
        Source dir: C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12
        Build dir: C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\.mesonpy-y97ho32v
        Build type: native build
        Project name: NumPy
        Project version: 2.0.0rc2
        C compiler for the host machine: clang (clang 18.1.6 "clang version 18.1.6")
        C linker for the host machine: clang link 14.40.33811.0
        C++ compiler for the host machine: clang++ (clang 18.1.6 "clang version 18.1.6")
        C++ linker for the host machine: clang++ link 14.40.33811.0
        Cython compiler for the host machine: cython (cython 3.0.10)
        Host machine cpu family: x86_64
        Host machine cpu: x86_64
        Program python found: YES (C:\Users\jared\OneDrive\Ayrscott\Projects\cpython\PCbuild\amd64\python.exe)
        Run-time dependency python found: YES 3.13
        Has header "Python.h" with dependency python: YES
        Compiler for C supports arguments -fno-strict-aliasing: YES
        Compiler for C supports arguments -ftrapping-math: YES
        Test features "SSE SSE2 SSE3" : Supported
        Test features "SSSE3" : Supported
        Test features "SSE41" : Supported
        Test features "POPCNT" : Supported
        Test features "SSE42" : Supported
        Test features "AVX" : Supported
        Test features "F16C" : Supported
        Test features "FMA3" : Supported
        Test features "AVX2" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512F" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512CD" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_KNL" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_KNM" : Unsupported due to Arguments "-msse, -msse2, -msse3, -mssse3, -msse4.1, -mpopcnt, -msse4.2, -mavx, -mf16c, -mfma, -mavx2, -mno-mmx, -mavx512f, -mavx512cd, -mavx512er, -mavx512pf, -mavx5124fmaps, -mavx5124vnniw, -mavx512vpopcntdq" are not supported
        Test features "AVX512_SKX" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_CLX" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_CNL" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_ICL" : Supported
        Test features "AVX512_SPR" : Unsupported due to Compiler fails against the test code of "AVX512_SPR"
        Configuring npy_cpu_dispatch_config.h using configuration
        Message:
        CPU Optimization Options
          baseline:
            Requested : min
            Enabled   : SSE SSE2 SSE3
          dispatch:
            Requested : max -xop -fma4
            Enabled   : SSSE3 SSE41 POPCNT SSE42 AVX F16C FMA3 AVX2 AVX512F AVX512CD AVX512_KNL AVX512_SKX AVX512_CLX AVX512_CNL AVX512_ICL

        Library m found: NO
        Fetching value of define "__MINGW32__" :
        Did not find pkg-config by name 'pkg-config'
        Found Pkg-config: NO
        Run-time dependency scipy-openblas found: NO (tried pkgconfig)
        Run-time dependency mkl found: NO (tried pkgconfig and system)
        Run-time dependency mkl found: NO (tried pkgconfig and system)
        Did not find CMake 'cmake'
        Found CMake: NO
        Run-time dependency openblas found: NO (tried pkgconfig, pkgconfig, pkgconfig, system and cmake)
        Run-time dependency flexiblas found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
        Run-time dependency blis found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
        Run-time dependency blas found: NO (tried pkgconfig and system)
        Run-time dependency mkl found: NO (tried pkgconfig and system)
        Run-time dependency openblas found: NO (tried pkgconfig, pkgconfig, pkgconfig, system and cmake)
        Run-time dependency flexiblas found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
        Run-time dependency lapack found: NO (tried pkgconfig and system)
        Program _build_utils/process_src_template.py found: YES (C:\Users\jared\OneDrive\Ayrscott\Projects\cpython\PCbuild\amd64\python.exe C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\numpy\_build_utils/process_src_template.py)
        Program _build_utils/tempita.py found: YES (C:\Users\jared\OneDrive\Ayrscott\Projects\cpython\PCbuild\amd64\python.exe C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\numpy\_build_utils/tempita.py)
        Configuring __config__.py using configuration
        ..\numpy\meson.build:389: WARNING: The variable(s) 'BLAS_INCLUDEDIR', 'BLAS_LIBDIR', 'BLAS_OPENBLAS_CONFIG', 'BLAS_PCFILEDIR', 'BLAS_TYPE_NAME', 'BLAS_VERSION' in the input file 'numpy\__config__.py.in' are not present in the given configuration data.
        Checking for size of "short" : 2
        Checking for size of "int" : 4
        Checking for size of "long" : 4
        Checking for size of "long long" : 8
        Checking for size of "float" : 4
        Checking for size of "double" : 8
        Checking for size of "long double" : 8
        Checking for size of "size_t" : 8
        Checking for size of "size_t" : 8 (cached)
        Checking for size of "wchar_t" : 2
        Checking for size of "off_t" : 4
        Checking for size of "Py_intptr_t" with dependency python: -1
        Checking for size of "PY_LONG_LONG" with dependency python: -1
        Has header "complex.h" : YES
        Checking for type "complex float" : NO

        ..\numpy\_core\meson.build:171:4: ERROR: Problem encountered: "complex.h" header does not include complex type complex float

        A full log can be found at C:\Users\jared\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-__8utyq8\numpy_4569bf49982840bc8c08474080c66a12\.mesonpy-y97ho32v\meson-logs\meson-log.txt
        [end of output]

        note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
      error: metadata-generation-failed

      Encountered error while generating package metadata.

      See above for output.

      note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
      hint: See above for details.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.