Restaking Base

Restaking Base is a near contract designed to restake NEAR tokens for CC PoS (Consumer Chain PoS). There are several user roles when interacting with the contract, including Staker, CC PoS, and CC Gov (Consumer Chain Governance). Stakers can stake their NEAR tokens through the contract, and gain the right to restake to CC PoS to provide security, receive rewards from CC PoS, and also bear the risk of being slashed. CC Gov is responsible for managing CC PoS and deciding whether to execute slashes submitted by CC PoS.

Contents:

• Restaking Base
  • Terminology
  • Use case
  • Function specification
    • Stake
    • Increase Stake
    • Decrease Stake
    • Register
    • Unregister
    • Update CC Info
    • Bond
    • Change ID
    • Unbond
    • Blackout
    • Slash
    • Query VS
    • Unstake
    • Withdraw
  • DataStruct and Interfaces
  • Auditing

Terminology

• Staker: A user who stake near.
• Validator: A near validator.
• staking pool contract: A contract deployed on each near Validator account.
• Staking Pool: An account that deployed the staking pool contract.
• restake: Stake the near that has already been staked in Validator for Consumer Chain's PoS.
• unstake: A user cancel their stake. If a restake has been performed, it will first execute the unbond operation with all CC PoS.
• withdraw: A user withdraws assets that can be withdrawn from the Restaking Base.
• stake shares: The total number of shares a user has in the stake pool contract for a particular Staking Pool.
• staked balance: The staking amount of staker.
• update-shares: Triggers an update of the user's balance in the Restaking Base contract. Anyone can call it, and it will also be triggered when stake/unstake/deposit/withdraw operations occur. This operation will call the ping function of the stake pool contract to obtain the balance of the Restaking Base contract in the stake pool contract contract and save it locally.
• Consumer Chain: A Consumer Chain establishes its PoS contract on NEAR to execute its reward and slash rules and then registers its unbonding period, CC Gov, and other parameters with the Restaking Base contract.
• CC PoS: A PoS contract established by a Consumer Chain on near.
• CC Gov: An account specified when registering the CC PoS, which has the authority to approve or reject the slash submitted by the CC PoS.
• Bond: After the Staker and Consumer Chain bond, the Staker's near provides security for the Consumer Chain, and the Consumer Chain provides Rewards to the Staker. At the same time, the Consumer Chain will have the right to initiate a slash against the Staker.
• Unbond: The Staker and Consumer Chain break the Bond. This process requires an unbonding period to complete, during which the Consumer Chain can apply to Slash the Staker.
• Slash: A Consumer Chain can apply to penalize the Staker during the bonding or unbonding period, and CC Gov decides whether to approve or reject the Slash.
• identity: Staker ID in Consumer Chain.

Use case

Function specification

Stake

The stake operation requires specifying an account which is sub-account of near staking-pool-factory account. Users will stake attached NEAR tokens to this account and record it internally in the staking-base contract.

Users can only choose one staking pool for staking at same time. If they want to switch to another staking pool, they need to complete an unstake operation first.

Increase Stake

The Staker can increase their staking amount after the stake operation has been completed.

Decrease Stake

The Staker can decrease their staking amount after the stake operation has been completed. The CC PoS can't stop Staker decreasing their stake amount, but the CC PoS can only select Stakers with staking balances ranked within a certain range.

Register

This CC PoS can submit registration information to the staking-base contract. The following information needs to be provided: chain_id, unbonding_period , website , governance , and treasury. Additionally, a certain amount of NEAR tokens needs to be attached as the registration fee during the registration process.

Unregister

The CC Gov can unregister CC PoS and the restaking-base will transfer register fee to treasury account.

Update CC Info

The CC Gov can update CC PoS information and this interface must be called by the governance account.

Bond

After the Staker has completed the stake operation through this contract, they can execute the bond operation, which will restake their staked NEAR to a specific consumer chain to provide security for the consumer chain PoS operation and to receive rewards or slash from the consumer chain. The Staker need to submit his staking information and identity when bonding. And Consumer Chain PoS accepts or rejects a bond request according to its rules, such as $NEAR > Th, NFT ownership, etc.

Change ID

The Staker can change his identity after finish bonding.

Unbond

The staker can call the unbond operation to exit the CC PoS, which must go through the unbonding period specified by the consumer chain before completion.

And once unbonded, the staker can’t bond to the consumer chain until the unbonding period expired.

Blackout

The CC PoS can blackout Stakers, which will prevent them from bonding.

Slash

Slash is a penalty operation that is initiated by the CC PoS to punish a staker for misconduct.

The process is divided into two steps: first, the CC PoS submits a slash to the staking-base contract, and then governance decides whether to execute the slash.

Rules of executing slash:

1. It will slash on the asset in Staker.pending_unstakes with the smallest unlock_time first.
2. If the assets in Staker.pending_unstakes are not sufficient for the slash amount, the unstake operation is executed first, and Staker.pending_unstakes is updated before continuing with the slash operation.
3. If the assets are still not enough after the unstake operation, it is still considered a successful slash, and the total amount successfully slashed is returned.
4. After the assets in Staker.pending_unstakes are slashed, a PendingUnstake is created for the CC PoS's treasury that was specified during registration. The PendingUnstake.unlock_epoch field inherits the unlock_epoch of the PendingUnstake that was slashed, and PendingUnstake.unlock_time is set to current_time.

Query VS

In order to update validator set, the CC PoS is motivated to query the Restaking Base contract periodically.

The CC PoS can specify a limit parameter to indicate that it only selects a certain number of Stakers ranked by staking amount. And the CC PoS will still perform an additional filtering based on the Stakers' staking amount to determine if they will become their validator.

Unstake

When a Staker performs the unstake operation, they must first Unbond all consumer chain PoS they are currently bonding.

The withdrawable time after Unstakedepends on the longest Unbonding period among all bonding CC PoS.

Withdraw

When a Staker performs the unstake or decrease stake operation, the contract will generate PendingUnstake data as a withdrawal voucher. When the Staker comes to withdraw, they need to specify the list of PendingUnstake IDs. The restaking-base contract will destroy the Withdrawable PendingUnstake and transfer the corresponding NEAR to the Staker.

DataStruct and Interfaces

Auditing

This contract (v1.1.2) had been audited by BlockSec. Here is the report.