Remove lifetime dependency of ComputePass to its parent command encoder

[Wumpf]

Connections

• Follow-up & based on Make compute pass end consume the pass #5575
  • ⚠️ Will rebase once Make compute pass end consume the pass #5575 lands as this contains all the changes again.
• Puzzle piece of Lifetimes on RenderPass make it difficult to use.  #1453

Part of a series towards lifetime removal on compute passes:

• Remove exposed C symbols from renderpass/computepass recording #5409
• Separate out ComputeCommand id->arc resolve (a step towards no lifetimes on wgpu::ComputePass) #5432
• Remove lifetime constraints from wgpu::ComputePass methods #5570
• Make compute pass end consume the pass #5575
• ➡️ Remove lifetime dependency of ComputePass to its parent command encoder #5620
• Fix QuerySet ownership of ComputePass #5671

Description

ComputePass had a static lifetime dependency to its parent encoder. This PR removes this (ComputePass<'a> -> ComputePass) by having ComputePass own an Arc to its parent encoder. A side-effect of this is that ComputePass creation can now fail in theory (if an invalid id is passed or commandbuffer allocation fails for some reason).

Another wide reaching side effect is that command encoders can now be in a Locked state. (via WebGPU spec) any operation on a locked command encoder fails and makes the encoder invalid.

The last remaining lifetime dependency to resolve on ComputePass after this PR is in ComputePassTimestampWrites<'a>: We currently don't bump the reference count on the referenced QuerySet. This is in fact more of a pre-existing bug since destroying a QuerySet after recording it in a ComputePass and before closing the pass already causes issues!

Testing

• added a test that verifies that a command encoder can be dropped child compute pass is still live
• added a that that while a compute pass is being recorded, trying to do any operation on the encoder fails and makes it invalid

Checklist

• Run cargo fmt.
• Run cargo clippy. If applicable, add:
  • --target wasm32-unknown-unknown
  • --target wasm32-unknown-emscripten
• Run cargo xtask test to run tests.
• Add change to CHANGELOG.md. See simple instructions inside file.

[cwfitzgerald]

Most of this makes sense, have a small comment here and there.

Test looks great, thanks for including it!